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https://europa.eu/capacity4dev/climaeastpolicyproject/wiki/kyoto-protocol
The Kyoto Protocol entered into force on 16 February 2005. Its first commitment period (CP.1) of 5 years started in 2008, coming to an end in 2012. The countries listed in Annex B to the Protocol commited to reduce, in that period, their emissions collectively by 5% against their baseline levels, predominantly set for 1990.
https://europa.eu/rapid/press-release_IP-02-794_en.htm
European Commission - Press Release details page - Brussels, 31 May 2002 The European Union has ratified the Kyoto Protocol today. This act reaffirms the commitment of the EU and all its Member States to pursue multilateral solutions to issues of global concern.
https://ec.europa.eu/commission/presscorner/api/files/document/print/en/memo_04_43/MEMO_04_43_EN.pdf
Under the Kyoto Protocol, the EU committed itself to reducing its greenhouse gases emissions by 8% during the first commitment period from 2008 to 2012. This target is shared between the Member States under a legally binding burden-sharing agreement, which sets individual emissions targets for each Member State4.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kyoto_Protocol
https://ec.europa.eu/clima/eu-action/climate-strategies-targets/progress-made-cutting-emissions/kyoto-1st-commitment-period-2008-12_en
Kyoto 1st commitment period (2008–12) The 1997 Kyoto Protocol – an agreement under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change ( UNFCCC) – is the world's only legally binding treaty to reduce greenhouse emissions. However, because many major emitters are not part of Kyoto, it only covers about 18% of global emissions.
https://www.epa.ie/environment-and-you/climate-change/what-is-europe-and-the-world-doing/kyoto-protocol/
The major feature of this protocol is that it sets binding targets on industrialised countries including the European Union. These developed countries agreed to reduce their greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions relative to 1990 levels for the period 2008-2012. Ireland met its Kyoto Protocol targets under the EU burden-sharing agreement.
https://euobserver.com/news/6496
The EU ratified the Kyoto protocol on climate change on Friday. With the handing up of its ratification papers to the UN headquarters in New York, the EU has fulfilled its ambition to have the Kyoto protocol enter into force before the World Summit on Sustainable Development in Johannesburg in at the end of August.
https://eur-lex.europa.eu/summary/EN/200101_1
Council Decision (EU) 2015/1339 of 13 July 2015 on the conclusion, on behalf of the European Union, of the Doha Amendment to the Kyoto Protocol to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change and the joint fulfilment of commitments thereunder (OJ L 207, 4.8.2015, pp. 1–5) last update 08.02.2016 Top
https://unfccc.int/process/the-kyoto-protocol/status-of-ratification
The Protocol to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (the 'Kyoto Protocol') was adopted at the third session of the Conference of the Parties (COP 3) in Kyoto, Japan, on 11 December 1997. In accordance with Article 24, it was open for signature from 16 March 1998 to 15 March 1999 at United Nations Headquarters, New York.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_parties_to_the_Kyoto_Protocol
As of June 2013, there are 192 parties to the Kyoto Protocol to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, which aims to combat global warming. This total includes 191 states (189 United Nations member states as well as the Cook Islands and Niue) and one supranational union (the European Union ).
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